Vachellia xanthophloea is one of the few trees whose bark can photosynthesize. It is a common feature in warm low-lying swampy areas, along the margins of lakes and on river banks. This tree was named the ‘Fever tree’ by early pioneers who thought that it caused a fever since people travelling or living in the areas where it grew contracted a bad fever. Although this tree tolerates light frost, it has managed to thrive in some parts of Gauteng; however, young trees need to be protected from frost. The Fever tree can reach a mature height of 25m when growing conditions are ideal.
The bark of this tree is very distinctive, smooth, greenish-yellow or yellow and powdery. Thorns are straight just like other Vachellia species. The white thorns can grow up to 7 cm, they exist in pairs at the nodes. Leaves often clustered on short lateral shoots. From September to November, Vachellia xanthophloea produces round, bright yellow and sweetly scented flowers borne on shortened side shoots represented by clustered scales. These are followed by straight papery pods which are indehiscent (the pods do not split open when ripe to release seeds).
This tree is popular in wildlife gardening as it attracts nesting birds. The leaves, shoots and pods are browsed by domestic livestock and wild game. It is also planted as an ornamental in streets, parks and large gardens. The root system of V. xanthophloea is invasive hence it should not be planted close to buildings and underground utilities. This tree can also be planted next to dams and streams on farms to control erosion. It also makes a beautiful live fence or hedge. The Fever tree is also medicinal, the bark is highly valued for its magico-medicinal properties.
The Sun Trees Team
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